A 500 Internal Server Error means the application failed while handling the request. Where to find the real error message, the causes behind most 500s and how to make sure you hear about them first.
A 504 Gateway Timeout means a proxy waited for the server behind it and gave up. How to find the slow part, fix it instead of just raising timeouts, and see slowdowns before they turn into 504s.
A 502 Bad Gateway means a proxy, load balancer or CDN got no valid answer from the server behind it. How to find which layer failed, fix the usual causes and catch the next 502 before customers do.
Good server alert thresholds catch a filling disk or a memory leak early without paging anyone for a harmless spike. Starting values for CPU, load, RAM, swap, disk, network and reboots.
MTTR, MTTA and MTBF measure how fast you fix incidents, how fast you respond and how often things break. Formulas, a worked example and practical ways to improve each one.
An API can return 200 and still be broken. A practical checklist for API monitoring: methods, headers, request bodies, authentication, expected responses and response time thresholds.
A health check endpoint tells monitors and load balancers whether your app can serve requests. What to check, how to keep it fast and safe, code for Laravel, Express and Flask, and how to monitor it.
False alerts teach teams to ignore monitoring. How to cut the noise: confirm every failure with a second check, set sensible timeouts, validate the right URL and route alerts to the people who can act.
What does an hour offline really cost? A simple formula for the direct and hidden costs of downtime, worked examples and what uptime percentages mean in money.
Response time is how long your server takes to answer a request, not how long the page takes to load. What counts as good, why monitors and browsers measure differently, and what slows sites down.
An SLI measures how a service behaves, an SLO is the target for that measurement and an SLA is the promise to customers. Definitions, downtime tables and how to set each one.
Which HTTP status codes mean your site is down, which are fine and which depend on the endpoint. A monitoring-focused cheat sheet covering 1xx to 5xx, redirects, 401, 403, 429 and 5xx errors.
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