Common SLIs are availability (successful requests ÷ all valid requests), latency (requests served faster than, say, 500 ms ÷ all requests), and freshness or correctness for data pipelines. As a ratio, every SLI runs from 0 to 100% and can be compared with an SLO.
SLIs come from server logs, load balancers or synthetic checks outside your network. Logs see every real request but miss users who never reached you, for example during a DNS or CDN failure; external checks see those failures but sample at an interval. Many teams use both.
Use percentiles, not averages, for latency SLIs: an average hides the slow tail that a few percent of users get.
Formula
SLI = good events ÷ valid events × 100
Example:
43,190 of the 43,200 one-minute checks in 30 days passed: 43,190 ÷ 43,200 × 100 = 99.976%.